http://t3x.org/t3x/family.html (light|dark)

The T3X Language Family

        T 1
  (just an idea...)
         |
         |
        T 2
(C version, 386, 8086)
         |
         |
        T 3 --------- T3r0
         |      (386, 8086, symbolic)
         |              |
         |            T3r2 ---------------+---- T3M
         |      (386, 8086, symbolic)     |     (6502)
         |              |                 |
         |            T3r3                |
         |      (386, 8086, symbolic)     +---- T3X
         |                                 (Tcode, 386, 8086,
         |                                  synthesizing CG,
         |                                  Tcode machine)
         |                                        |
         |                                      T3Xr2
         |                                  (Bootstrapping
         |                                   via Tcode)
        T 4 ---- T4r0                             |
             (386, 8086,                        T3Xr4
            synthesizing CG,             (Tcode, 386, 8086,
            modules, serapate             TXCG, TXOPT, include
              compilation)                files via TXPP)
                                                  |
                                                T3Xr5
                                         (Tcode5, 386, 8086,
                                          TXCG, TXOPT, TXPP,
                                          debugger support)
                                                  |
                                                T3Xr6
                                         (Tcode5, 386, new
                                          RT system, object
                                          system)
                                                  |
                                                T3Xr7
                                         (Tcode7, 386, 8086,
                                          Alpha, interface
                                          classes)
                                                  |
                   +------------------------------+
                   |                              |
                T3Xr7.3                         T3Xr8
           (Tcode7, 386, 8086,           (Tcode8, 386, 8086,
            Alpha, C backend,             Alpha, C backend,
            TIDE classes + IDE)           32-bit VM)


        T3X9
         |
    (FreeBSD/386  
     simplified)
	 |
       T3X9r2 -------+------- XT3X
    (FreeBSD/386     |     (bitmap graphics
     Tcode9,         |      sound, Tcode only)
     32-bit)         |
         |           +------- T3X/Z
         |           |     (CP/M, Z80)
         |           |
         |           +------- T3X/86
         |                 (DOS, 8086)
	 |
	 |
       T3X9r4 --------------- T3X/0
    (FreeBSD/386           (New module system,
     Tcode9,                Tcode/0, CP/M-Z80,
     32-bit)                DOS-8086, Unix-386,
                            cross-compilers)
                                |
                              T3X/0 Version 19
                           (Tcode/0, CP/M-Z80,
                            DOS-8086, Unix-386,
			    Unix-ARMv6, Unix-ARMv7,
			    formal semantics)

T 1 (1995)

different syntax
multiple modules per file
no classes
default argument values
record type
procedure pointers instead of forward declarations
main program between modules
never fully implemented

T 2 (1995)

T3X syntax
no modules, no classes
main program in compound statement at end of file
record/struct type dropped
default argument values dropped
unsigned integer arithmetic
compiled to 386 machine code via GAS, used system LIBC
compiled to DOS/EXE via TASM
boostrapping compiler in C
compiler driven by shell script or batch file

T 3 (1997)

same language as T2
Tcode and DOS/COM backends
Tcode only used as a glue language for the SYMCOM backend
TASM no longer needed on DOS

T 4 (1997)

modules (MODULE), multiple modules per file
public procedures and data objects
record type (STRUCT)
byte access operator (::)
constant expressions
signed integer arithmetic
main program can depend on modules
compiler written in T3
synthesizing code generators for 386 and 8086
did not self-compile

T3r2 (1997)

supported for BSS segments in order to generate smaller executables

T3X (1997)

pretty much the language that T3X is today
runtime procedures still intrinsic
INTERFACE statements link to routines not written in T3X
signed and unsigned integer arithmetic
hexa-decimal numeric literals
386/a.out, DOS/EXE, and Tcode backends
Tcode interpreter (although not used for bootstrapping)
T3X->C source-to-source compiler used for bootstrapping
synthesizing backend adopted from T4
Ports: DOS, FreeBSD, Plan 9

T3M (1997)

experimental port of T3R2 to 6502
generated absolute binaries
unfinished

T3r3 (1998)

signed integer arithmetic adopted from T3X

T3Xr2 (1999)

Tcode used for bootstrapping the compiler

T3Xr4 (1999)

vector graphics extension
portable text mode/terminal I/O extension (would later become TTYCtl class)
TXPP preprocessor
retargetable code generator (TXCG)
runtime support via INTERFACE statements, imported by TXPP

T3Xr5 (1999)

S86 assembler for writing extension procedures for DOS
Ports: C/GAS, Turbo C/TASM, S86
A.out and ELF backends for FreeBSD
SD viewer for online documentation (would later become TXHELP)
SD documentation file format

T3Xr6 (1999-2002)

T3X object system (CLASS, OBJECT statements)
formal (operational) semantics
modules adopted from T4 (MODULE statement)
one module per file
runtime procedures imported via classes (EXTERN DECL)
INTERFACE statements deprecated
separate compilation of modules
dead procedure filter (TXDPF)
new classes: char, IOstream, memory, string, system, TTYCtl
compiler driver in T3X
Linux/386 and Coherent/386 ports
stand-alone DOS/EXE backend
Plan 9 support dropped

T3Xr7 (2002-2003)

interface classes (ICLASS, IDECL declarations)
runtime procedures imported from ICLASSes
new retargetable code generator (TXNCG)
AXP 21064 (Alpha) backend
NetBSD/386 and Alpha ports
C backend removed
Graphics extension removed
T3Xtools added (classes for writing TTY applications)
TIDE (T3X IDE)

Lightweight Compiler Techniques (2002)

A revised and extended edition of the original T3X book. Describing the T3X language and the techniques used to implement the synthesizing code generator (TXCG).

T3Xr8 (2004)

32-bit Tcode support
new C backend based on TXNCG
Plan 9 support (again)
Coherent port broken
bytecode ports for machines without native code support

Bytecode ports kept T3X (somewhat) alive in the subsequent hiatus.

T3X9 (2017)

even more minimal T3X subset
written from scratch
documented in the book Write Your Own Compiler
no modules, classes, or objects
all runtime procedures intrinsic
no unsigned arithmetic operators
single-pass, in-memory compiler
more than 30,000 lines per second on a 750MHz processor
compiles directly from T3X9 to ELF (FreeBSD/386)

T3X9r2 (2017)

hexa-decimal integer literals
additional runtime procedures
Tcode9 backend and virtual machine

XT3X (2018)

intrinsic procedures for 16-color 320x200-pixel graphics
intrinsic procedures for sound output via OSS or ALSA
Tcode backend only
intended for writing simple video games

T3X 7.3 and later (2019)

ports: Coherent, DOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Linux, Generic Unix, Bytecode
targets: 8086/EXE, 386/ELF/a.out/COFF, Alpha/ELF, Tcode machine
C backend imported from T3Xr8
TIDE and TIDE classes (formerly T3Xtools) integrated
improved class management and separate compilation
The "ultimate" 16-bit T3X release

T3X/Z (2019)

another T3X subset
more compatible to T3X than T3X9
generates COM files for CP/M (and CP/NC)
single-stage, two-pass compiler (processes source code twice)
fits in 44KB of memory
self-compiles in six minutes under CP/NC
runtime procedures intrinsic
no external runtime library

T3X/86 (2021)

another T3X subset
more compatible to T3X than T3X9
generates COM files for {PC,MS,DR,etc}-DOS
includes an 8086 assembler (in T3X)
single-stage, two-pass compiler (processes source code twice)
single DOS COM file
runtime procedures intrinsic
no external runtime library

T3X9r4 (2022)

Minor bug fixes and cosmetics
Basis for T3X/0

T3X/0 (2022)

T3X9 plus modules and unsigned operators
Flat module hierarchy (modules cannot use modules)
Improved packed vector syntax
inline procedures (coded as raw machine code)
external procedures, so library can be extended with C, etc
Formal semantics (work in progress)
Many T3Xr7 libraries included (strings, chars, dynamic memory, etc)
Ports: Tcode Machine, Unix-386, DOS-8086 (COM), CP/M-Z80
14 cross-compilers for almost all combinations of supported platforms
Sweet spot between T3Xr7 and T3X9

T3X/0 Version 19+ (2024)

ARMv6 and ARMv7 code generators
x86_64 (64-bit) code generator
CONSOLE module (similar to T3Xr7 TTYCtl class)
SYSTEM module for access to some DOS/Unix system calls
Formal semantics

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